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The code basically tracks mouse movements, or the lack thereof. If a bot is using a cursor, it might move in a straight line at constant speed to the “I’m not a robot” checkbox. Most bots though just check the HTML and jump directly to the checkbox. There are other checks it might do as well, e.g. the user-agent of the browser, whether the user came from a search engine, etc.
That being said it’s that not difficult to break, e.g. Puppeteer has a plugin specifically for getting around Captchas and Cloudflare’s offerings.
All this is to say: automatic captchas are better at allowing legitimate users than they are at blocking bots entirely.
Are you looking for a screw-on filter? Looks like Fildex is Canadian-made (I have no experience), though I can’t find any retailers for them.
For cartridge filters, you might have even more difficulty finding an OEM equivalent. For my car I usually buy Mann (German company, but their filters are usually American on this side of the world). I just bought filters for my next 5 oil changes while tariffs haven’t hit yet.